Thread-carrier for b rai



N0. 623,5l4. Patented Apr. 25, "399. E. F. CABEZOLA.

THREAD CARRIER FDR BBAIDINGMAOHINES.

(Appl m on filed. Oct 22 1997 (No Model.)

INVENTOR 4 ATTORNEY IJNTTED STATES PATENT @rrrcn.

EUSEBIO F. CABEZOLA, OF TRENTON, NEW JERSEY.

THREAD-CARRIER FOR BRAlDlNG-MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 623,514, dated April 25, 1899.

Application filed October 22, 1897. Serial No. 655,999. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUsEBIo'F. CABEZOLA, of Trenton, Mercer county, New Jersey, have invented a new and'useful Improvement in Thread-Oarriers for Braiding-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of braiding-machines in which a number of threadcarriers are vertically disposed and moved around one another in and out, so that the threads which extend to said carriers from the wire, line, cord, rod, or other object to be covered with braiding are by the motion of these carriers braided together, so as to produce a tubular braided covering inclosing the wire or cord. Such carriers as at present constructed consist substantially, of a base-piece from which rise vertically a spindle for holdin g the bobbin and a stem parallel to the spindle, which is provided with a sliding weight and above said weight with a movable latch. The thread from the bobbin passes beneath the weight, thus holding said weight sus pended on the stem, so that the breaking of a thread or running out of a bobbin causes the weight to drop to the bottom of the stem. As the thread is taken up in the process of braiding it raises the weight until the latter comes in contact with the ratchet on the top of the stem. This ratchet is provided with a nose-piece engaging with the latch on the top of the bobbin. The weight raises the latch, so disengaging the nose-piece from the ratchet and permitting the bobbin to let off thread. This act releases the weight, which falls to its natural position, when the nosepiece again engages the bobbin and holds it as before until the motion is repeated. To this device there are certain obj ections,which are obviated by my present invention, thus First. A bobbin of special form must be usedthat is to say, it must be provided with a ratchet formed upon or attached to its upper end. Upon this bobbin the thread must be wound. In the case of cotton the thread comes in skeins or hanks and undergoes two operationsfirst, winding upon large spools, and, second, upon the special bobbins. In the ease of silk, which comes upon wooden spools, the winding is done from these spools upon the special bobbins but in such case the spools upon which the silk is wound are wasted, and their cost is a considerable item in the economy of manufacture.

Second. The bobbins themselves being of special form'-that is to say, provided with ratchet-teeth at their upper endare expensive to construct.

Third. The object of the weight is to keep the thread under tension; but this tension being derived from a definite weight or mass of metal is of course invariable. Consequently it becomesnecessaryin usingdilferentthreads upon the bobbin to use different Weights corresponding thereto in order to give to a given thread its proper tension; nor can the tension be varied for any given thread in order to adjust it to the proper amount for that particular thread.

Fourth. The thread is not given off thebobbin until the weight is raised sufficiently to lift the latch and so remove the nose-piece from the ratchet, and then the bobbin is unrestrained and is free to move around unchecked for a distance equal to that between two successive ratchet-teeth, when the nosepiece again enters into engagement. It is found in practice that a sudden jerk upon the free bobbin often causes it to fly around rapidly, so that asecond loop comes beneath the nose-piece before engagement, and as a consequence too much thread is given off. It is then necessary for the attendant to single out the particular bobbin which has thus given off too much thread, find the loop, and turn back the bobbin to wind the thread.

Fifth. It is obvious that with the ratchet and nose-piece device the let off of the thread is positive in amount-that is to say, for any pull upon the thread SLlffiGlGlli] to lift the nosepiece clear of the ratchet the bobbin will give off a definite amount of thread and not an carrier any thread within the capacity of the machine may be used. I also do away with the positive let olI of thread and with a bobbin provided with ratchet-teeth and substitute an arrangement whereby the amount of thread drawn from the bobbin depends solely upon the extent of strain applied. Inlieu of a special form of bobbin I substitute a simple tubular sleeve, upon which the thread or silk wound on the ordinary commercial cop and so supplied to the market may be directlyapplied without any previous rewinding. Thus I save the expense of spools in the ease of silk and two windings in the case'of cotton.

My invention consists more partieularlyin the construction and arrangement of carrier, as hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l'is a side elevation of my improved carrier. Fig. 2 is a vertical section, and Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken justabove the hole in the stem through which the thread passes from the bobbin.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

A is the bottom plate of the carrier.-

B is a bobbin-supporting spindle. C is the tubular base of said spindle, which is connected to the bottom plate A.

D is an annular disk supporting a sleeve E of thin metal. This sleeve is flanged over at F on the under side of the disk D and is secured thereto by screws G. The flangedover part F rests upon a shoulder formed by the top of the spindle-base C. Around the periphery of the disk D is a groove II. The sleeve E surrounds the spindle l3, and the disk D and sleeve E together form one piece which can be removed at will from the spindle l I is a tubular bobbin, which may be the ordinary commercial cop which comes ready wound in the market and which, as shown, is placed upon the sleeve E, which fits tightly within it.

J is a vertical stem, which can be integral with the bottom plate A and which is parallel to the spindle 13. Upon this stem is a freelymoving sliding piece K. Connected to the sliding piece K is a wire or rod L,whieh passes down over a pulley M, journaled in an opening at the base of the stem J, and thence over a pulley N, journaled in the base of the spindle. The end of said wire L connects with a spiral spring 0, which is disposed within the spindle l3 and which has its upper end connected to a cross-bar P at the upper part of said spindle. The tendency of the spring 0 in contracting is normally to draw down the sliding piece K to the bottom of the stem J.

Fast upon the upper part of the spindlebase 0 is a projecting arm Q, having an upwardly-bent end, to which is fastened by clamping-screw and washer R a spring-finger S, which enters the groove II on the disk D. The sliding piece K is open on its rear side T, and through this opening the thread U from the bobbin passes, so that when the sliding piece K is moved up and down in the manner hereinafter to be described it does not touch the thread, which passes through the open rear side. The thread then proceeds through an opening a in the stem J, through a fair leader I). on the sliding piece K, and thence through a vertical hole in the projection 0 at the upper end of the stem. Vhen strain is exerted upon the thread U, it tends to lift the sliding piece K against the tension of the spring 0 exerted through the wire L, so that the pull of the spring is always balanced against the pull upon the thread, and as a consequence, whenever the pull upon the thread is sufficient to overcome the normal resistance of the spring the sliding piece K is raised and the tension of the thread is slackened. In this way the tension of the thread is always regulated in accordance with the strain which is exerted upon it. The extent of play of the spring and of the sliding piece is sufficient to maintain this tension no matter what the position of the carrier as a whole may be in moving to and from the wire being covered at the center of the machine, or, in other words, no matter what the position of the carrier may be radially outward from that where the braid is being formed the tension of the thread will always be regulated by the spring.

The spring-finger S, acting upon the disk D, acts as a brake and so regulates the resistanee of the bobbin to turning when the thread is drawn from it. By adjusting the screw R to cause the finger to press more or less upon the disk this resistance maybe varied to any desired extent, and therefore the amount of thread which may be let off under a given strain may in this way be regulated. Consequently the amount of thread given off for any definite strain will depend upon the strain and the time over which it is exerted and will not be an invariable amount, such as is given off by the ordinary ratchet-bobbin after it is released in the manner already described. It will be seen, therefore, that in my device the thread is controlled by two coacting springs. The first effect of the pull upon the thread is to raise up the sliding piece K against the resistance of the coiled spring 0, and then after the pull upon the thread and the resilient resistance of the spring shall have balanced such an amount of thread will be drawn from the bobbin as the resistance of the spring S will permit, thus throwing the strain exerted upon the thread upon what I may call a double cushion, the first cushion taking the strain to a definite extent, and thereafter when the first cushion is overbalaneed, so to speak, the second cushion coming into play to take the further strain. This is, I believe, wholly new in the art. It will be observed that this coaction of springs occurs at or about the time the strain upon the thread overbalanccs the first spring, so that at all times during the operation of the ma- IIO chine there is at once transference of the strain as it varies upon one spring or two springs, as the case may be. The strain of the thread is never referred to a rigid stop. The thread is never given off in the same positive and invariable amount after a certain strain has been reached, as in the case of a ratchet-bobbin device. It is impossible for the bobbin to run away under a sudden jerk of the thread. This arrangement of springs practically prevents breaking of the thread in the machine and allows of thread of extreme fineness and delicacy to be used. In fact, as I have demonstrated by practical experiment, it is possible to use thread of greater fineness in this device than can be employed in the carriers above described as in ordinary use, and therefore braidings and coatings and coverings of much greater fineness and closeness of mesh can thus be constructed. Another important advantage gained, which I desire especially to emphasize, resides in the fact that I may use the ordinary cop of commerce as it comes already wound from the mills and place that cop without any previous rewinding directly upon the spindle-sleeve. This involves a great saving of time and expense. It obviates the necessity of extra hands to wind the cotton from skeins to large spools and from large spools to bobbins, and in the case of silk, wherein the spools ordinarily employed at the present time cost some seventy-five cents each, the use of silk already wound in simple cops saves the whole cost of such spools.

I claim 1. The combination in a thread-carrier of a tubular spindle, a stem parallel to the axis thereof a thread-conducting sliding piece on said stem, and a spring within said spindle connected to said sliding piece, substantially as described.

2. The combination in a thread-carrier of the tubular spindle B, stem J, parallel to the axis thereof, thread-conducting slidingpiece K, spiral spring 0 Within said spindle and a connecting device between said spring and said sliding piece, substantially as described.

3. The combination in a thread-carrier of the tubular spindle B, having an opening near its lower portion, the pulley N entering said opening, stem J having an opening and pulley M entering said opening, thread-conducting sliding piece K, spiral spring 0 within said spindle and wire L connected to said. spring and said sliding piece and passing over said pulleys N and M, substantially as described.

EUSEBIO F. OABEZOLA.

WVitnesses:

SAML. D. OLIPHANT, J12, H. R. MOLLER. 

